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Congenital Dental Pathology
Enamel DefectsEnamel defects are small pits or other malformations on the enamel surface.
Enamel hypomineralization (EH) (hypocalcification)
Enamel hypoplasia / hypocalcification
Enamel hypoplasia / hypocalcification
Top Dentin StainingDentin is the main component of teeth. It is normally covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the tooth's root.
Yellow stained incisors, canines and premolars from
tetracycline use
Top Clinically Missing TeethNormally, dogs have 42 teeth and cats have 30. However, when teeth do not appear above the surface, measures must be taken to find out whether or not all or part of the tooth is present under the gum line.
Clinically missing mandibular second premolar
Radiograph displaying missing second premolar
Clinically missing mandibular first premolar
Horizontally impacted first premolar with bone loss
Radiograph displaying diagonally impacted first premolar
Radiograph displaying embedded malformed canine
Top Rotated Teeth (ROT)Occasionally, one or more teeth are orientated at right angles to normal teeth. This condition may lead to periodontal disease.
Rotated maxillary 3rd premolar
Top Supernumerary Teeth (SN)A supernumerary tooth is any tooth in addition to the normal dentition primary or secondary.
Boxer with extra upper left premolar teeth causing crowding
Top FusionFusion is the joining of two tooth germs, resulting in a single large tooth. Fusion may involve the entire length of the teeth or only the roots, depending on the stage of development of the teeth at the time of the union. Usually, there will be two separate root canals. With fusion, the tooth count will reveal a missing tooth when the anomalous tooth is counted as one.
Clinical appearance of fused maxillary incisor
Fusion of the left first and second maxillary
incisors
Top GeminiGemination is an attempt to make two teeth from one enamel organ. It results in a structure with two completely or incompletely separated crowns with a single enlarged root and root canal. With gemination, the tooth count will be normal when the anomalous tooth is counted as one.
Gemination of the maxillary left second primary
incisor
Gemination of the maxillary first premolar
Top Persistent Primary (Deciduous) Teeth (DT) CanineThe adult tooth normally pushes the primary (deciduous/baby) tooth out of the mouth. Sometimes (especially in small breeds), the adult tooth erupts next to the deciduous tooth, causing swelling and displacement of the adult tooth.
Upper deciduous canine pushing adult tooth forward
Top Persistent Primary (Deciduous) Teeth (DT) FelineThe adult tooth normally pushes the primary (deciduous/baby) tooth out of the mouth. Sometimes (especially in small breeds), the adult tooth erupts next to the deciduous tooth, causing swelling and displacement of the adult tooth.
Maxillary persistent canines (rostral view)
Maxillary persistent canine (buccal view)
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